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This review addresses food safety risks and sustainability in utilizing food manufacturing side streams (FMSS) within the food circular economy. By applying a "quad-modal hazard dynamic" approach, the review explores food safety hazards in closed-loop systems, including potential biological, chemical, and physical contaminants in FMSS. Recommendations include developing rigorous food safety monitoring and regulation strategies to integrate FMSS safely into the food supply chain, thus supporting resource efficiency without compromising public health.