Business Models for Reaching Lower-Income Consumers with Nutritious Foods

The document explores business models used by firms to make nutritious foods accessible to lower-income consumers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It identifies 13 specific business model features, such as cross-subsidization, selling in smaller quantities, using waste products, and employing last-mile distribution networks. These strategies help companies balance affordability for consumers with financial viability. The study finds that private-sector companies can play a critical role in improving nutrition, but evidence on the long-term effectiveness of these models remains limited.

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