This cohort study examines the association between different types of dietary carbohydrates (fiber, starch, total sugar, glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, and added sugar) and the risk of diabetes and cardiometabolic risk factors. Using data from the Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES), which included 42,836 participants, the study found that higher fiber and fructose intake were linked to a lower diabetes risk, whereas higher glucose intake increased diabetes risk. Subgroup analyses revealed that these associations were more significant among individuals with obesity, sedentary behavior, smoking, and hypertension. The findings support public health recommendations for increased fiber intake and moderation of glucose consumption to reduce diabetes risk.
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