A Novel Approach to Optimize Vitamin D Intake in Belgium through Fortification Based on Representative Food Consumption Data

This study presents an optimization model for vitamin D fortification in Belgium, using food consumption data to identify the most effective food vehicles for fortification. The model recommends fortifying milk, milk beverages, and bread with 6.9 µg vitamin D per 100 kcal to reduce vitamin D inadequacy from 92% to below 2%.

The study highlights the importance of selecting widely consumed foods to maximize fortification benefits while minimizing excessive intake risks. The model could be applied to other micronutrient fortification programs in different populations.

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