Associations of Healthy Lifestyle and Family Income to Poverty Ratio with All-Cause Mortality Among People with Prediabetes and Diabetes

This cohort study investigates the combined effects of healthy lifestyle factors and family income-to-poverty ratio (PIR) on mortality among 21,411 U.S. adults. Healthy lifestyle factors such as non-smoking, physical activity, and a balanced diet significantly reduced mortality risk across glucose metabolic statuses. Participants with four or more healthy lifestyles had up to a 76% reduced risk of death. PIR also mediated mortality risks, particularly among prediabetic participants, but had limited effects in those with diabetes. Findings highlight the need for personalized interventions to enhance lifestyles and socioeconomic conditions for better health outcomes.

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