Association of Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) and Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DIITM) with Recurrent Respiratory Infections in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DIITM), and recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) in children. The study included 44 children with RRIs and 44 healthy controls. Results showed that children with RRIs had a more pro-inflammatory diet and higher serum levels of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid. A high dietary inflammatory potential, elevated body mass index (BMI), and shorter breastfeeding duration were identified as significant risk factors for RRIs. The study highlights the importance of promoting anti-inflammatory dietary habits and breastfeeding to reduce RRI risk.
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