Microplastics in Food Commodities: A Food Safety Review on Human Exposure Through Dietary Sources

This review explores the presence and impact of micro- and nanoplastics in food, focusing on human dietary exposure. It discusses contamination pathways—such as packaging migration and environmental exposure—and presents estimates of consumer intake through fish, salt, honey, water, and beer. Highlighted concerns include oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune response. The report calls for harmonized analytical methods, further research into toxicological risks, and international regulatory coordination. Though current exposure is low, the review stresses knowledge gaps and the need for updated food safety governance.